A look at funeral traditions in different religions

Burial of loved ones is a practice common in every culture, intended for a respectful farewell to the deceased, remembering their life, and fulfilling their last wishes. The mourning period and its form are usually determined by culture, religion, and family traditions. Although many funeral customs are similar, there are also unique rituals, as explained by specialists interviewed by Vilniaus laidojimo namai.

Judaism

In Jewish tradition, the deceased must be buried as soon as possible — ideally on the same day, or no later than the next. Burial is considered a duty that overrides other activities. After the funeral, an inscription in Hebrew is placed on the monument, often arch-shaped: the name and surname of the deceased, the parents’ names, and the dates of birth and death according to the Jewish calendar. At the bottom of the monument, five Hebrew letters are engraved (T’nišmato bicror hakaim), beginning the biblical phrase: “May his soul be bound in the bundle of life (eternity).”

Jews do not decorate graves with flowers; instead, visitors place a small stone on the headstone.

After the funeral, to honor the circle of life from birth to death, food and drink are served in round dishes symbolizing hope and life. The mourning period is called “Shiva” — during these seven days, relatives and friends visit the grieving family and recite the Kaddish prayer.

Buddhism

In Eastern countries that practice Buddhism, bodily resurrection is not believed in, so remains are usually cremated. This method became widespread in India during the time of Buddha. In Tibet, the ancient tradition of “sky burial” is more common — the body is left in remote mountains or forests for vultures.

If sky burial is not practiced, poorer Tibetans may be buried at sea, criminals in the ground, and nobles may sometimes be mummified and placed in stupas.

Islam

In Islam, the deceased is buried as soon as possible, preferably before sunset. Autopsy and cremation are strictly forbidden, as it is believed that on Judgment Day the soul will be resurrected together with the body.

Women do not participate in Muslim funerals, even if the deceased was their husband or son. Only men attend the ceremony, taking turns carrying the body, as it is believed that this act brings forgiveness of sins. In the grave, the deceased is laid on their back with their feet facing Mecca.

Christianity

In Christian countries, funeral rites reflect the Church’s view of death as a temporary state after which eternal life begins.

Christians usually devote 1–3 days to the farewell. Funeral homes or viewing halls are chosen so that everyone wishing to pay their respects can attend. During the viewing, the body may be placed in an open or closed coffin, or cremation may be chosen.

Prayers and funeral Mass are held during the ceremony. If buried in the ground, the grave is covered with a mound of earth and marked with a wooden cross, later replaced by a headstone. After the funeral, a memorial meal is often organized to honor and remember the deceased.